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Quinque viae
The ''Quinque viæ'' (Latin, usually translated as "Five Ways" or "Five Proofs") are five logical arguments regarding the existence of God summarized by the 13th-century Catholic philosopher and theologian St. Thomas Aquinas in his book ''Summa Theologica''.〔ST I.2.3〕 They are:
# the unmoved mover;
# the first cause;
# the argument from contingency;
# the argument from degree;
# the teleological argument ("argument from design").
Aquinas expands the first of these – God as the "unmoved mover" – in his ''Summa Contra Gentiles''.〔Section 1.13 (in (Latin ); in (English )).〕 He omitted those arguments he believed to be insufficient, such as the ontological argument due to St. Anselm of Canterbury.
The 20th-century Catholic priest and philosopher Frederick Copleston devoted much of his work to a modern explication and expansion of Aquinas' arguments.
== The Five Ways ==
The proofs take the form of scholastic arguments.〔''ST'', Ia, q. 2 a. 3 co. ((Latin ) and (English ))〕
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